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History & Introduction
It is an extremely powerful and potentially toxic
herb with a long history of use. In traditional Chinese medicine,
this is considered an effective stimulant for the Spleen and Kidneys,
and is a favorite treatment for Malaise, General Weakness, Poor
Circulation, Cancer and Heart Disease. Around the turn of the 19th
Century, Finley Ellingword M.D. declared that , “Aconite has become
the greatest of the agents used by the profession in control of
Fever.” Dr Ellingword also found that it could be extremely useful
in the relief of acute pain and suggests, “Perhaps the most immediate
influence obtainable in acute pain is to put 10 drops each of Chloroform
and Aconite into the palm of the hand and hold it over the seat
of pain for 2-3 minutes. The effect is instantaneous and marvelous.”
This herb can be used to treat either Hypertension
or Hypotension depending upon the preparation. According to Potter’s
New Cyclopedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, “Aconite has
a transient hypertensive activity whereas the herb after heat treatment,
has a transient presser activity.” Recent studies have discovered
that various Monkshood species have anti-tumor, anti-viral and anti-bacterial
activity. The contemporary German Medical Herbalist, Rudolf Fritz
Coeirs, M.D., states that “Aconite is still a valuable remedy for
genuine Facial Neuralgia. Neurologists continue to say that this
is the drug to be tried first. “
Aconite is a genus of plants belonging to natural
order Ranunculacae, the Buttercup family, commonly known as Monkshood
or Wolfs Bane. Ranunculacae is embracing about 60 species, chiefly
natives of the mountainous parts of the northern hemisphere. They
are distinguished by having one of the five blue or yellow colored
sepals (the posterior one) in the form of a helmet; hence the English
name Monkshood. Monks hood has been mentioned in herbals and plant
lists since the 10th century. In the past it was often used as an
antidote to snake bites. The poison is mainly in the root, although
the other plant parts are poisonous too. The scientific name Aconite
is derived from the word AKONTION, meaning dart, as arrows or darts
were frequently dipped into its poison. According to Maude Grieve
“1/50th grain of aconitine will kill a rabbit in few
minutes “. The lethal dose for human is only 3 to 6 mg. The name
Wolf’s Bane came about in a similar manner. It was believed that
arrows dipped in the poison or baits anointed with it would effectively
kill wolves. Aconite and Belladonna were said to be the ingredients
in the Witch’s “Flying Ointments”. Aconite causes irregular action
of heart, and Belladonna produces delirium. These combined symptoms
might give a sensation of ‘flying’.
The specific name “Napellus” signifies a little
turnip, in allusion to the shape of the roots. The plant is a
hardy perennial, with a fleshy, spindle shaped root, pale colored
when young but subsequently acquiring a dark brown skin. The stem
is about 3 feet high with dark green , glossy leaves, deeply divided
in palmate manner and flowers in erect clusters of a dark brown
color. The shape of the flower is specially designed to attract
and utilize bee visitors, especially the humble bee. The sepals
are purple – purple being specially attractive to bees --- and
are fancifully shaped , one of them being in the form of a hood.
Aconite is one of the deadliest and most rapidly acting
poisons, yet through Hahnemann’s discoveries it has been transformed
into a very useful medicine. Hahnemann published its pathogenesis
in 1805, and to him the world is indebted for the knowledge of its
therapeutic values. Hughes says that the allopaths have caught a
glimpse of its virtues from its use by the homoeopaths. Aconite
is a short acting remedy. There is hardly any acute disease in which
it is not more or less called for. It is one of Clarke’s A,B,C,
Nurseries, others being Belladonna and Chamomilla. Aconite causes
“turmoil in circulation”, Belladonna “turmoil in brain” and Chamomilla
causes “turmoil in temperament”.

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PHYSIO-PATHOLOGICAL
ACTION |
|
SYSTEM/ORGAN |
ACTION |
RESULT |
|
Heart |
Stimulates the inhibitory
centre of vagus --- later vagus becomes exhausted and paralyzed |
Reduces heart rate; lessens B.P. |
|
Circulation |
Vasomotor paralysis
leading to arteriolar dilatation |
Tachycardia, Palpitation, Cardiac
arrest |
|
Central
Nervous System |
At first stimulates
and later paralyses the nerves of pain, touch and temperature,
if applied to the skin, broken or unbroken, or to a mucous
membrane |
Initially numbness and tingling
in extremities followed by long continued anesthetic action |
|
Temperature |
Initially depressed
|
Chilliness down the
spine and sides |
| |
Later on general constant
heat |
High rise of temperature |
| |
Followed by diaphoresis |
Copious perspiration
with lowering of temperature |
|
Mucous
Membrane |
Inflammation:
|
| |
Respiratory tract |
Influenza, cough and
cold |
| |
G I Tract |
Dysentery |
|
Serous
Membrane |
Adhesive Inflammation |
Pleurisy, Pericarditis,
Peritonitis |
|
Respiratory
System |
Depression of Respiratory
Centre |
Respiration becomes
slower and deeper |
| |
Congestion and inflammation
of lung |
Pneumonia |
|
Stomach |
Congestion and inflammation
of gastric mucosa |
Vomiting and Pain |
| |
Neuralgia |
Pain in abdomen |
|
Tendons
& Fibrous Tissues |
Rheumatoid inflammation |
Pain and swelling of joints |
|
Muscular
System |
Increases the irritability
of voluntary muscle |
Convulsions |
Constitution
| Physical |
: |
Strong robust people
with rigid fibers; dark hair and eyes; young person especially
girls of a full, plethoric habit who lead a sedentary life;
rosy; chubby and plethoric babies; persons who are easily
affected by atmospheric changes |
| Mental |
: |
Nervous, Fearful and
Sanguine temperament |
| Thermal |
: |
Aconite seems to be
a warm blooded patient |
| Diathesis |
: |
Scrofulous diathesis |
| Miasm |
: |
Psora is in the background |
| |
|
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Causation:
1. Exposure to
dry cold air, dry north or west winds. (Bry; Hepar Sulph)
2. Exposure to
draughts of cold air while in perspiration
3. Bad effects
of checked perspiration (Bry)
4. From fear or
excitement
5. Effects of
fright either immediate or remote (Opium – remoter effects of fright)
6. Heat of sun
7. From injury
or surgical operations
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