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Homeopathy Articles |
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| Hpathy Ezine - October,
2008 |
Precursor to the Organon:
Hahnemann’s Occasional Writings
Part IV - Aesculapias in the Balance (1805)
- Rudi Verspoor FHCH, HD(RHom.),
DMH |
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n this writing we start to gain a strong appreciation that
the origin and destiny of man, as well as natural disease and
its treatment, is divinely inspired, as is the knowledge that
all seek to remedy disease. We also ?nd a mature criticism of
the prevailing system of medicine and its degeneration into
polypharmacy due to a profound misunderstanding of the nature
of disease (a generative act).
And yet, oh man! how lofty is thy
descent! how great and God-like thy destiny! how noble the
object of thy life! Art thou not destined to approach by the
ladder of hallowed impressions, ennobling deeds, all-penetrating
knowledge, even towards the great Spirit whom all the inhabitants
of the universe worship? Can that Divine Spirit who gave thee
thy soul, and winged thee for such high enterprizes, have
designed that you should be helplessly and irremediably oppressed
by those trivial bodily ailments which we call diseases?
Ah, no! The Author of all good,
when he allowed diseases to injure his offspring must have
laid down a means by which those torments might be lessened
or removed....This art must be possible...it must not only
be possible, but already exist. Every now and then a man is
rescued, as by miracle, from some fatal disease. (Lesser Writings,
p. 410)
At the same time
it is undeniable, that even in such calamities, so humiliating
to the pride of our art, but rare cures occur, effected obviously
by medicine, of so striking a character, that one is astonished
at so daring a rescue from the very jaws of death; these are
the hints afforded by the Author of Life, “THAT THERE
IS A HEALING ART. (Lesser Writings, p. 418)
In no other case is the insufficiency
of our art so strongly and so unpardonably manifested as in
those distressing diseases from which hardly any family
is altogether free; hardly any in which some one of the circle
does not secretly sigh over ailments, for which he has tried
the so-called skill of physicians far and near. In silence
the afflicted sufferer steals on his melancholy way,
borne down with miserable suffering, and, despairing in human
aid, seeks solace in religion.
‘Yes,’ I hear the medical
school whisper with a seeming compassionate shrug, ‘Yes,
these are notoriously incurable evils; our books tell us they
are incurable.’ As if it could comfort the million of
sufferers to be told of the vain impotence of our art!
As if the Creator of these sufferings had not provided remedies
for them also, and as if for them the source of boundless
goodness did not exist, compared to which the tenderest mother’s
love is as thick clouds beside the glory of the noonday sun!
(Lesser Writings, p. 415)
Then Hahnemann condemns the heroic measures used (“such
modes of treatment are not very unlike murders”).
This cannot be the divine art,
that like the mighty working of nature should effect the greatest
deeds simply, mildly, and unobservably, by means of the smallest
agencies.(Lesser Writings, p. 417)
The history of medicine has been one of
...covering over the gaps and inconsistencies
of their knowledge by heaping system upon system, each made
up of the diversified materials of conjectures, opinions,
definitions, postulates, and predicates, linked together
by scholastic syllogisms. (Lesser Writings, p. 420.)
The true path of Hippocrates, simple observation of nature,
led to increasingly complicated systems built upon confusion
and lack of knowledge of remedies. At the same time, the original
search for the universal remedy based on a uniformitarian notion
of disease (commendable although misguided) degenerated into
the indiscriminate use of many remedies to cover the case -
the unipharmacy and polypharmacy axle of the failure to comprehend
the true nature of disease.
Sophistical whimsicalities were
pressed into service. Some sought the origin of disease in
a universal hostile principle, in some poison which produced
all maladies, and which was to be contended with and destroyed.
Hence the universal antidote which was to cure all diseases,
called theriaca, composed of an innumerable multitude of ingredients,
and more lately the mithridatium, and similar compounds, celebrated
from the time of Nicander down almost to our own day. From
these ancient times came the unhappy idea, that if a sufficient
number of drugs were mixed in the receipt, it could scarcely
fail to contain the one capable of triumphing over the enemy
of health - while all the time the action of each individual
ingredient was little, or not at all known...
In this great period of nearly
two thousand years, was the pure observation of disease neglected...”
(Lesser Writings, p. 421)
What is more natural, what more
appropriate to the weakness of man, than that he should adopt
the unhappy resolution (the resolution of almost all ordinary
physicians in similar cases!), that as he has nothing to direct
his choice to the best, he had better give a number of the
most celebrated febrifuge medicines mixed together in one
prescription. (Lesser Writings, p. 426)
To return to our earlier question, as to why Hahnemann made
a clean break with the Old School of medicine around 1800-1803,
we may perhaps consider the growing understanding of the dynamic
nature of disease and the nullity of any measures that simply
seek to remove disease effects (materia peccans), plus the growing
consciousness of the dynamic nature of medicine, being the aspect
that cures (crude doses being themselves disease inducing).
These two tendencies came together in the discovery of a remedy
for scarlet fever, both preventatively and for any sequelae
of that disease then af?icting Europe. The epidemic emerged
in the middle of 1799 and Hahnemann, using his new maxims, was
able to examine the symptoms of the disease and ?nd Belladonna
to be the “speci?c preservative remedy.” The results
were all that could be expected of this new “medicine
of experience.”
What is also remarkable is the dose that Hahnemann was advocating.
Prior to this, he had used relatively crude doses, but the medicinal
aggravation caused initially in administering the similar substance
(homeopathic aggravation), led him to attenuate the dose even
more. In 1798, Hahnemann recommends doses of several grains
to 30-40 grains, depending on the substance. Later that same
year, he is recommending the giving of small doses in liquid
form (1-2 milligrams - 0.001-0.002 grains - in solution). The
next year he announces with no apparent explanation even smaller
(so-called in?nitesimal) doses, being in the order of one ten
millionth of a grain for Arsenic (0.00000001 grains) (Haehl,
Vol. I, p. 312). However, the ?rst clear statement of these
in?nitesimal diluted doses comes with the discovery of the remedy
for scarlet fever.
If we now wish to prepare from
this prophylactic remedy, we dissolve a grain of this powder
(prepared from well preserved belladonna extract evaporated
at an ordinary temperature) in one hundred drops of common
distilled water, by rubbing it up in a small mortar; we pour
the thick solution into a one-ounce bottle, and rinse the
mortar and pestle with three hundred drops of diluted alcohol
(five parts of water to one of spirit), and we then add this
to the solution, and we render the union perfect, by diligently
shaking the liquid. We label the bottle strong solution of
belladonna. One drop of this is intimately mixed with three
hundred drops of diluted alcohol by shaking it for a minute,
and this is marked medium solution of belladonna. Of this
second mixture one drop is mixed with two hundred drops of
the diluted alcohol, by shaking for one minute, and marked
weak solution of belladonna; and this is our prophylactic
remedy for scarlet-fever, each drop of which contains the
twenty-four millionth part of a grain of the dry belladonna
juice. (Haehl, Vol. I, p. 381)
Hahnemann gave the weak solution in drop form (up to 40 drops
according to age), one dose every 72 hours “well stirred
for a minute in any kind of drink.” (Haehl, Vol. I, p.
381) He seems to have favored the liquid dose, as it had more
points of contact (although he thought the contact was in the
stomach).
Very different [from the hard grain-pill]
is it with a solution, and particularly with a thorough solution.
Let this be as weak as it may, in its passage through the
stomach it comes in contact with many more points of the living
fibre, and as the medicine does not act atomically but only
dynamically, it excites much more severe symptoms than the
compact pill... (Lesser Writings, p. 387).
This reference to thorough solutions is to those well-shaken,
which Hahnemann here found to make the solution “very
intimate.” (For a more thorough examination of the issue
of dose and potency, please refer to the article by this author
in the March 2008 edition of
Homeopathy4Everyone.)
Such small doses now brought forth criticism as to its possible
effectiveness. Hahnemann answered publicly in an edition of
Hufeland’s journal of 1801. While Hahnemann continued
to experiment with dosage in order to better understand the
effects, and while he only came to more fully grasp that what
was active was the dynamis of the medicine (referring to potency
rather than dilution only around 1814 - see Haehl, Vol. I, p.
317), he now came to realize the power of medicine to cure without
the need for other aid, which simply often worked to weaken
the life force of the patient. Where other measures were needed,
Hahnemann provided these in the form of regimen to build up
the life force. He imitated nature in the context of health,
not disease (which was what the allopaths sought to do). (Lesser
Writings, p. 386)[1]
Another interesting aspect of this small work on scarlet fever
is the understanding that a constant disease can develop from
its initial, primary (tonic) form into other disease forms that
are more variable. Thus, while Belladonna seems to work for
prevention (initial contact) and the early stages (as well as
the sequelae), the later stages require other remedies according
to the symptoms. This provides an early basis for what Hahnemann
later discovered with the chronic diseases, namely that there
were some remedies that seemed almost speci?c for initial stages
of the chronic miasms (the primary disease itself), but that
the number of remedies for later variable states of chronic
disease the secondary diseases that were produced by the primary
disease) increased as time went on.
# # #
Rudi Verspoor is Dean and Chair Department
of Philosophy, Hahnemann College for Heilkunst, Ottawa. He
has written extensively on homeopathy and created the only
college in the world offering a full program of study in Hahnemann's
complete medical system, Heilkunst. More details on studying
Heilkunst can be obtained from www.homeopathy.com.
Rudi founded the National Association of Trained Homeopaths
(NUPATH) in Canada, as well as the Canadian/International
Heilkunst Association (C/IHA). He has advised the Canadian
government on healthcare issues, made presentations to various
federal and provincial governments on homeopathy, and has
written for various journals as well as lectured around the
world.
His publications include: Homeopathy Renewed, A Sequential
Approach to the Treatment of Chronic Illness (with Patty Smith);
A Time for Healing; Homeopathy Re-examined: Beyond the Classical
Paradigm (with Steven Decker); The Dynamic Legacy: Hahnemann
from Homeopathy to Heilkunst (with Steven Decker)
The website at www.heilkunst.com
has more articles and resources about Heilkunst.
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